Gwanghun Kim
Kim Gwanghun, a 56-year-old Korean-born acupuncturist, has lived in Koreatown, Los Angeles, since immigrating to the U.S. in 2000. Growing up, he had no particular childhood dream, as the focus was on graduating quickly and securing a stable job. However, the physical and mental stress of adapting to life as a first-generation immigrant in the U.S. led him to reevaluate his career path. This turning point inspired him to study acupuncture, earning his degree and establishing himself as a licensed practitioner.
Beyond his private practice, Kim has been offering free acupuncture treatments to dockworkers in Long Beach who lack access to medical care. His commitment to helping others extends to short-term mission trips, where he tries to serve underprivileged communities. Now in his late 50s, he remains committed to community service and advancing the recognition of traditional Korean medicine in the U.S.
Korea, Korea-America, and Korean Americans in Koreatown: A Queer Oral History
Interview by Katherine Kim, Chloe Kim Manaline, Cira Mejia, Naya Kim
What is your name, age, and place of birth?
My name is Kim Gwang-hun. I'm 56 years old, born on February 14, 1969. I was born in Korea.
How do you identify by generation, race, ethnicity, gender, or preferred pronouns?
I'm Korean. I was born in Korea, graduated from elementary school, middle school, high school, and university in Korea. I became an adult in Korea, got married, and then came to the United States. I still live in the United States as a permanent resident, but I still consider myself Korean.
What was your childhood like?
I can't give you a definite answer to your question, but I was born in the late 60s in the countryside and grew up in Busan. I was just an ordinary pupil. As for my elementary school days, I didn't play any special games or anything when I was in school. I was a diligent student, attended school regularly, played at the playground after school, ate dinner, watched TV, and did my homework.
What were your dreams or hopes for the future as a child?
I didn't have any special dreams as a child. When I was growing up, my family wasn't very wealthy from society's point of view. I had a very ordinary, typical family. I was just thinking that I was supposed to grow up fast and make money as a company employee, i.e., a salaryman. I didn't think I had to achieve something special like becoming a university professor. I wanted an ordinary job and to make money. My childhood dream was just to graduate from school as soon as possible, work, and make money. I grew up with that kind of ordinary mindset.
Tell us about your family.
My family has a painful past. There were three sons and one daughter in my family. I had an older brother, a younger brother, a younger sister, and a father and mother. Now, I'm alone. When I was young, my younger sister passed away early in a car accident, and much earlier than now, a long time ago, about 20 years ago, my older brother passed away in another car accident. My younger sister is missing rather than dead. From an outsider's point of view, our family life-- This sounds a bit depressing. I don't know what to say. One might say that our family life wasn't harmonious, but from my perspective, it was a very ordinary family up until I graduated. It was not that bad. Those are my thoughts presently.
You said you're an immigrant. What generation of immigrants are you?
I didn't precisely immigrate to the US. I came as an international student in 2000. I was only supposed to go to the US as an international student in 2000. I came and studied here for a year. I call it studying abroad, but it was actually language training at the time. I was already employed then, until 2000, and while working, I went to the US for a year of language training.
The company I worked for at that time needed employees who spoke English and other languages, and I also-- I don't know what I wanted to say. I was selected, and I came to the US for language training. I came to study abroad in 2000 and was supposed to return to Korea in a year, but I couldn't return. So, after 2000—
I'll explain that later, but I studied here and settled here, so, unintentionally, [chuckles] I've been living as an immigrant since 2000 until now, 2024.
Tell us what your parents did for a living.
My parents were very ordinary farmers in the countryside. In the 1960s and 1970s, in the countryside, most of the work fathers did was passed down to the children. For that reason, my father moved us to Busan so that my siblings and I could get an education, and my father ended up working in a company in Busan.
We went from the countryside, Gyeongbuk, to Busan and went to school there, and my father started working in Busan. My mother also moved with all of us from the countryside to Busan, a big city, and worked in Busan. She worked in an ordinary job. We moved to a big city and went to school there. That's how it was.
What was your university major?
My university major was electrical engineering, a technical major. When I finished middle school and had to go to high school, I made my decisions based on my family's financial situation, which wasn't that good. It's not like I starved, but when I think about it, my family's financial situation wasn't that good when I was in middle school.
I wanted to make money fast, but if I had majored in humanities and gone to university and graduated, it would have taken too long before I got a job, so I went into engineering and majored in mechanical engineering. In middle school, I majored in mechanical engineering.
Then, I majored in mechanical engineering again in high school, and finally, I majored in electrical engineering while also working. Then, I went to university again and majored in electrical engineering. I'll tell you more later, but to sum up, I majored in mechanical engineering and then electrical engineering.
Tell us about your job now.
I came to the US to study abroad-- I worked for a large company, Samsung, and I came to the US to study the language. I took a leave of absence and came to the US. I signed a contract stipulating that I had to return after the language study.
When my language study was over in the 2000s, I had to return to the company, but at that time, I got married, and my parents-in-law were living in the US, in LA. I lived with them, but I had to return when the language study was over. However, I couldn't. So, I got a job here—
I was in an industrial high school, a technical one, but I obtained new experiences here. I started to practice acupuncture here. I studied medicine and changed my career path. I got my master's degree here, my Ph.D. degree, and my license, and I changed my career path to become an oriental medicine doctor, not a doctor of technical sciences. That's what I've been doing until now.
How is living in America different from living in Korea?
I had lived through my 20s and 30s in Korea before coming to the US. In terms of life, Korean society is quite competitive. Your aim is to get a job. The process of graduating from high school and university is all about getting a job.
You study hard, get good grades, and get a job at a good company. When we were in high school, the companies that were considered good were large corporations. You aim for companies like Samsung, Hyundai, Daewoo, those kinds of companies. You pass that test and get a job at a good company.
Now that I think about it, life in Korea is all about getting a good job, getting married to a good spouse, having children, and getting a good house. It's kind of set in stone. Even now, I feel a bit sorry for young people in Korea because everything is about going to a good university, getting a good job, and getting married to a good spouse. It's a pity that you're just going through those predetermined stages. Life in America seems different.
I came to America in my mid-30s and am now in my mid-50s. I've been living in America for 24 years now, and to me, life in America seems to flow a little differently. It's more than just getting a good job. Of course, you have to get a good job, but I think the quality of life plays a more important role than your job.
The focus is on what you want to do. Because of that, I could think about how I would live the second half of my life from my late 30s to my 40s and 50s. I was able to choose a job and feel satisfied with the job I chose. I was able to live happily and enjoyably with my family.
In comparison, my life in Korea wasn't bad, but I think my life in the US for 24 years was much more valuable. Maybe when I look back on my life when I'm older, the comparison of my life in Korea and America may seem a bit ambiguous, and I might not be able to compare the two lives at all, but I think my life in the US was more beneficial in some ways. I'd say it was a good life.
That's my opinion. So far, things seem that way to me.
Are you working in Koreatown now?
Yes, I am working in Koreatown now.
After having the experience working in Koreatown, what are your thoughts on Koreatown?
I have lived in Koreatown since I came to the US in 2000, and I still live there 24 years later. It has been my hometown for 24 years. That is not to say that this is my second home, but I like Koreatown, and Koreatown is my hometown, so I'm really happy that I get to spend my days there. Even though we were to move out of Koreatown, it would still feel like we live in Koreatown.
Do you have any memories of Koreatown that you hold dear?
I came here, got married in Korea, and came back to the US with my wife. I lived here as a newlywed and had children here. My children were born in Koreatown, went to elementary school in Koreatown, middle school, too, and are now in high school. Everything happened in Koreatown, so those are my memories of Koreatown.
What's your favorite place in Koreatown? It can be a restaurant, a shopping mall, or any other place.
We don't really have a favorite place. However, when we were in Koreatown, the places we went to the most were Koreatown Plaza, Galleria Town, and shopping malls. The kids were young at the time, and since they were twins and girls, my wife and I had to take care of them, so there weren't many places we could go to.
We usually went to Koreatown Plaza or Galleria Plaza, which had fountains. If you have kids, you can do everything there. You can go to a restaurant and feed the kids, and the kids can run around in the plaza. I still remember the place because of the time I spent there with my kids.
I have a few more questions about your work as an oriental medicine doctor and acupuncture practitioner. How would you define your activities as such?
I need to tell you about my background to explain why I started doing acupuncture. When I came to the US in 2000, I was under a lot of stress, so my health wasn't very good. I didn't suffer any major illnesses, but I was a first-generation immigrant living in the US, and that caused me a lot of stress. I was tired and felt sick, and as a result, I thought about my health--
I was in my mid-30s at the time, and I was getting sick a lot. I thought a lot about my health, and when deciding on my future career path, acupuncture was something I wanted to try. I thought I should try becoming a doctor of oriental medicine. That's why I started going to acupuncture school here. I went to med school and graduated, and after graduating, I became a doctor of oriental medicine. Until now, I have been volunteering in the community, but I do not regret becoming an oriental medicine doctor. It is fun, enjoyable, and I am proud of it.
How do you think your activities as an oriental medicine doctor are related to or influenced by your childhood or current religious beliefs?
My religion is Christianity. When I was in Korea, I graduated from school, worked, got married, and lived a normal life as a newlywed, but when I came to the United States, everything in churches was formed by the Korean society, not all churches, but a lot of them. When you go to church, many people, fellow Koreans, gather, socialize, and interact with each other. Practicing oriental medicine here does not conflict with my religion.
Rather, I think the religious aspect helped me a lot. Before I graduated from oriental medicine school, I did many internships and volunteered. I'd hang out occasionally with people I got along with well. If you go to Long Beach, there's the Long Beach port, where a lot of sailors come and go because they trade at the Long Beach port.
When they unload all their containers, they come down to LA for two or three weeks to go shopping. Since sailors spend six months on a ship and work hard, they get sick a lot. They also do not receive medical attention. So, a friend of mine gave me a source, and I went to the Long Beach port twice a week and treated those sailors. I gave them acupuncture, massages, and cupping therapy. However, that wasn't about proselytizing or being religious.
I was so grateful that I could provide my services to them for free. I do this at church as well. There, I can also use oriental medicine, acupuncture, and other oriental medicine techniques I learned as an oriental medicine doctor. I also go on short-term missions, where I help poor Indians or people in poor regions. Being an oriental medicine doctor does not conflict with my religion. I think religion actually helps. I practice it in church, and my personal life as an oriental medicine doctor does not conflict with the religion.
When stressed or sick, who do you go to for treatment? Is there anything you can do for yourself with oriental medicine, or do you go to someone else?
I am an oriental medicine doctor, but that does not mean I do not get sick. Of course, oriental medicine doctors can get sick, too. As an oriental medicine doctor, if you have a sore shoulder or a sore back, for example, you do acupuncture. However, even though I can do it myself, I have colleagues I studied with, so I go to them. I go and get treatment from them.
If I need Western medical treatment, I go to a Western hospital. I go to a Western hospital and get Western medical treatment. I go to the hospital and see my primary care physician, for example, to get a diagnosis and a prescription. For my arm, shoulder, or any other pain, I also go to an oriental doctor's clinic and get treatment from a colleague.
When you came to the US as an oriental medicine doctor, have you ever worked with other oriental medicine doctors or a community of oriental medicine doctors? As an oriental medicine doctor.
Yes. I have. We still hold oriental medicine doctors' meetings. I have fellow oriental medicine doctors who studied with me simultaneously, and we all still attend those meetings.
We meet once a month or once every two months to exchange information, and we also do a lot of medical volunteer work. Since Mexico is close here, we usually go there and volunteer. We also exchange a lot of information since we are connected through social media in this day and age.
After immigrating to the US, have you ever encountered difficulties or unexpected aspects of your work as an acupuncturist or oriental medicine doctor, perhaps because oriental medicine doctors are not as well accepted in the US as in Korea?
Although oriental medicine is the same as in Korea, the medical system in Korea is divided into two: Western medicine and oriental medicine. It's precisely 50:50. In Korea, the profession of oriental medicine doctors is somewhat socially influential, or to put it simply, treated well by society. Those doctors have a high status. However, in the US, oriental medicine doctors are not like Western medicine doctors. They are called alternative medicine doctors.
Since medicine first advanced in the US, Western medicine is still the main field, followed by the rest, such as acupuncture, physical therapy, or chiropractic. Those are considered alternative medicine doctors. As a result, their status and income are a bit lower than in Korea.
However, alternative medicine doctors, such as chiropractors and acupuncturists, have risen significantly compared to 20 years ago. In the past, Western medicine covered almost everything. For example, Western medicine does all the diagnoses.
They diagnose diseases using CT, MRI, ultrasound, etc., and prescribe medication for them. For example, if you can't sleep, they give you sleeping pills. If you have a mental health problem, they transfer you to psychology or give you tranquilizers, right? In the past, when patients at Western hospitals asked for recommendations for things like a sleeping disorder and upset nerves, Western doctors had nothing to offer other than medication or Western treatment.
However, after 30 years of acupuncture in the US, Western doctors started giving referrals for acupuncture. When they refer patients to oriental medicine, we don't use chemicals or give sleeping pills. We use acupuncture to treat them, and the treatment results are incredibly good, so patients come back. In modern medicine, if I have a sleep disorder and can't sleep and am stressed, I don't have to take sleeping pills or tranquilizers.
I can go to an oriental medicine clinic and get acupuncture, and my illness or symptoms will go away. That's why many people prefer oriental medicine, and it has become quite popular. Acupuncture originally started in California, and now the whole United States has adopted it, so acupuncture is now practiced in other states as well.
Tell us more about other treatments besides acupuncture.
Western doctors only know about acupuncture when it comes to oriental medicine. The needle. The acupuncture needle. In fact, an acupuncture needle is very thin. It's made out of processed metal, but it's actually thinner than a hair, so when we put a needle in your skin, there is almost no pain. It is not a drug or chemical. It is only a needle. However, this needle is not the only thing used in oriental medicine.
In oriental medicine, acupuncture also involves cupping. There is also herbal medicine, which uses natural herbs. We provide supplements with herbal medicine, and we also do physical therapy, but it is not a massage, and there are many different types of treatments. In addition to those, there is also Qigong. If you think about it from a Western perspective, Qigong is meditation. In the modern age, people experience a lot of stress and anxiety. Qigong or meditation releases that stress. In a way, there is an endless number of treatment methods in oriental medicine.
Do you know of any differences or similarities between traditional oriental medicine you learned in Korea and Chinese medicine?
Actually, I don't know exactly because I didn't learn oriental medicine in Korea. China has a long history, and in China, oriental medicine is called Chinese medicine, and in Korea, it's called Korean medicine, but both have the same roots. However, oriental medicine in China is similar to oriental medicine in Korea. When a patient comes to a doctor in China, Chinese oriental medicine is more developed than Western medicine.
If we go back to when medicine wasn't developed, all medical services were covered by Chinese oriental medicine. So, everything, whether surgical or internal medicine, was covered by Chinese oriental medicine. In modern times, CT or MRI scans are used to diagnose cancer or cirrhosis, and surgical operations are performed, but before, everything was diagnosed, treated, acupunctured, and given medicine using oriental medicine.
On the other hand, Korean oriental medicine comes from Chinese oriental medicine. We could say that Chinese oriental medicine is the original oriental medicine, and it came to Korea and was further developed and deepened. The traditional aspects of Chinese oriental medicine and the concept of Western medicine were merged into Korean oriental medicine.
What this means is that in Korea, Korean medicine is a combination of Chinese medicine plus Western medicine. So now, Korean oriental medicine clinics and general hospitals do CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasounds. They combine oriental medicine with diagnostic tools of Western medicine. It's a combination of Western and Eastern medicine, so in a way, it is more advanced. If a person takes a CT scan, for example, and it turns out they have cancer, an oriental medicine doctor will refer them to a Western medicine doctor. They will undergo surgery or receive chemotherapy and recover.
Then, if the body is weak, they will do Qigong or acupuncture in Oriental medicine to supplement Western medicine treatment. The concept combines Western and Eastern medicine to increase synergy and enhance the treatment effect. In my view, Korean oriental medicine combines Chinese oriental medicine and Western medicine so that the treatment effect and expectations are higher. On the other hand, acupuncture in the US is a bit different.
In the US system, oriental medicine is open to acupuncture, but CT, MRI, and ultrasound are blocked, and those diagnostic tools are used in Western medicine. They can only diagnose within the limits of oriental medicine, and the treatment area is limited to acupuncture, cupping, physical therapy, therapeutic massage, or Qigong.
There's more awareness now, but they still perform and treat within their limits. So, in the US, acupuncture and oriental medicine are still developing, and awareness has expanded a lot, but oriental medicine in the US is still lacking in many ways compared to Western medicine.
Can you tell me about your workplace? Where is it located, and what's the environment and structure of your workplace?
After I graduated from an oriental medicine college, I first opened an oriental medicine clinic in Koreatown. There are pros and cons to opening a clinic in Koreatown. The pro is that Koreans are the target "audience" since it is Koreatown. There are many good things about it, but on the other hand, oriental medicine clinics are also for profit. We have to work and make money, and there are oriental medicine clinics in Koreatown, but the treatment price goes down depending on the demand.
The price goes down if the demand is high, according to the law of supply and demand. I had a clinic in Koreatown for about two years and then moved it to below Torrance. There were fewer Koreans there, and it was primarily a white neighborhood. There were pros and cons there, too. When I moved there, my income went up because there were fewer oriental medicine doctors, but since it was primarily a white neighborhood, it was hard to educate people about oriental medicine. These people have never experienced acupuncture.
When I was in Koreatown, those Koreans did everything that goes under the name of oriental medicine. For example, if you have a digestive upset, we take your hand or, touch your hand, or we massage your stomach. These are all oriental medicine treatments and methods, but Americans don't know the concept of oriental medicine. When they get sick, they go to the hospital. If they have a stomachache, they go to the hospital. If they have a headache, they go to the hospital. If they have a stomachache, they get digestive medicine. If they have a headache, they get painkillers.
That's why it was hard when I first moved my clinic there. I had to treat patients, but there is the oriental medicine concept of what we treat. We don't use chemicals, but we do this alternative therapy, and we have to educate them about the disease they have and that it treats the disease in the way that their body wants. There are pros and cons to moving down to Torrance, to the white neighborhood.
The regulations for facilities like an oriental medical clinic are a bit strict. Since this is a quasi-hospital that sees patients, it's not as strict as a hospital, but still strict enough. The rooms have to be divided, and there has to be a sink in the room where you can wash your hands, a separate bathroom, and ventilation.
The regulations are very strict. It's not as sanitary as we think. It's really not. It's long-distance control because the government regulates it. There's a protocol that must be followed to operate the clinic and keep it clean, and that's how the inside of the clinic is organized.
What motivates you to continue practicing acupuncture even though it is not your primary occupation now?
Actually, I was practicing oriental medicine until recently, but I changed my job to something else. I am still a licensed oriental medicine doctor. Until recently, I was a practicing Oriental medicine doctor and still have a license. I still have insurance as an oriental medicine doctor.
Regarding what I am doing now, I have a license and insurance because being an oriental medicine doctor is a talent and skill I possess. When I go to regions where there is a lot of poverty, on a mission, or volunteering, I need to use my oriental medicine skills and acupuncture. Hence, I still need my insurance or a license. My fellow oriental medicine doctors still post on my social media.
This time, there is a 2-day, 1-night medical mission in Mexico, and if there is an opportunity and time, I will join and go. So, as Korean Americans living in the US, we naturally have to serve this region. We have that sense of mission and calling. That's why I still use my skills even though I have a different job, and I think that in the future, my fellow oriental medicine doctors and I will continue to do this for our neighbors.
How do you achieve a balance between traditional and modern healing methods?
It's often difficult to define. However, I'm a person who likes moderation. I don't like extremes. Some of my fellow oriental medicine doctors try to treat illnesses with only acupuncture. I'm not saying they're bad, but I think that's the personal pride of their profession talking.
However, I'm in a neutral position. For example, when a patient comes to me, I treat them as much as I can, but perhaps they should go to the hospital and get a Western diagnosis rather than an oriental treatment. In that case, I tell them openly and directly that I think they should go to a Western hospital and see a Western doctor an internal medicine doctor, for example, get a CT scan, MRI, ultrasound, etc. Then, if the diagnosis is confirmed clearly, and they don't think it's correct, I tell them to come back. That's how I treat patients. I think people should seek help on both sides.
I don't think you should only use Western medicine or only use oriental medicine. I want to see harmony between Western and oriental medicine. These days, many doctors agree with this and do the same thing. I think that's the most ideal treatment method or approach.
What do you think would happen if traditional healing methods became more widely known and respected?
I assume that by traditional treatment methods, we're referring to acupuncture in terms of oriental medicine. It can include acupuncture, moxibustion, or herbal medicine, which all fall under oriental medicine, not Western medicine. You know about moxibustion, right? Ultimately, the treatment goal of oriental medicine is homeostasis.
For example, when we feel cold, we tremble to warm up. When we feel hot in the summer, pores open to release heat to lower our body temperature. Our bodies have their own homeostasis. Oriental medicine aims to match that. That's the oriental, orthodox method, and I like to think it's developing. However, there are limits to what this person can diagnose and treat with oriental medicine, and that is often overlooked.
For example, we could have cancer but cannot know about early-stage cancer until the symptoms appear. However, Western hospitals can detect it early with CT scans, blood tests, MRIs, etc. Although it would be good if traditional medicine were to develop, I am worried that we might miss out on catching and diagnosing our patients early. That is why I always say that Western and Eastern medicine should work together and help each other.
Do you think younger or older generations should engage in traditional healing?
I think the older generations like oriental medicine both in the US and in Korea because when they were young, Western medicine wasn't developed in Korea, so everything was treated with oriental medicine. That's how oriental medicine developed, and they're familiar with it. Even now, in Koreatown, the elderly in their 60s, 70s, and 80s like oriental medicine.
These days, oriental medicine is trending among young people. When young people were learning, they only learned about Western medicine as a medical field. All the information they got from universities and similar institutions was about Western medicine, but they started to notice that they could treat their minor illnesses with oriental medicine. They now learn about it through social media, friends' introductions, local newspapers, and the news. Let's say I am under a lot of stress, and I can't digest food well, can't sleep, and have a headache. What would happen if we look at it from a two-way perspective? If I can't digest, I should go to a gastroenterologist, right?
Then, if I can't sleep, where should I go? I should go to a neuropsychiatrist or something like that. If I have a headache, I should go to an internal medicine doctor and get a CT scan. However, if we look at this from an oriental medicine perspective, they're under a lot of stress these days because of their job, so as a consequence, they can't sleep, and then because of lack of sleep, they have a headache. It's all just simple stress.
What's the conclusion? If you reduce stress, relax your body, and stabilize it, the headache will go away, digestion will improve, and your immune system will improve if you eat well. That's how our bodies work. As a result, many young people are opening up to oriental medicine, and they are making use of it these days.
Especially in white society or in mainstream American society, since America is mostly comprised of white people, Latinos or white people, these people are learning a lot about oriental medicine, and those who have used it continue to seek out oriental medicine and when they see the effects, they advertise it or tell people around them about it.
Okay, we're almost done. The last question is a bit tricky, so you can take your time to think about it. What's the most important lesson you've learned in life?
Lessons I learned in life? I haven't lived that long, but I'm in my late 50s now, and I've raised children. My parents are getting older. I'm in the middle phase of my life. As a Korean living in Koreatown in the US, the first generation of immigrants, our mothers and fathers, suffered a lot and built this Koreatown. They faced a lot of difficulties living here.
We all grew up here, studied here, and established our lives here. As we grow older, we have to pass Koreatown and the Korean community to our children. We have a responsibility. We have to pass on a good environment, but we have to pass on to our children the help we received in the US, the things we received from society here, and we have to give back to society, Koreatown, this region, what we learned, and our talents and special skills.
I'm not saying this just because I'm Christian. I just think we should pass it on because we received it. We should create a good environment for this region to have a positive impact. That idea hasn't changed. I'm not talking about only giving back to this region, but also to our Latino friends in Mexico, or we can go far away to Africa or wherever we are needed. We should go and share the skills we've learned, the medical knowledge, etc.
Okay, the last question. How do you want to be remembered?
People leave their names behind when they die. Tigers leave their skins behind when they die, but I have nothing I want to leave behind. I'm one of many people living here in Koreatown. As someone living in 2024, a Korean-American, and an immigrant, rather than wanting to leave a legacy, we need to distinguish between what we should and shouldn't do in the community. I hope that Koreans leave a good impression in Los Angeles, California. In most of California, or just in Los Angeles, there is a widespread perception that Koreans are honest, hard-working, serve the community, and the crime rate is low.
As a Korean person from Koreatown, I want to leave a legacy. Rather than leaving my name on a list, I just work hard at the given task and use the skills and talents that I'm given. I want to serve society. I want Koreans in this region to serve society, work hard, and have a positive influence. In order to do that, we have many good organizations here, like the Korean Association, KYCC, and so on. I hope that this can expand not only to LA but throughout California so that Koreans can have more influence in the US and serve society more broadly. That's my opinion.
Okay, we'll wrap up the interview here. Thank you.
No problem, thank you.